جديد x جديد ليوم 27-6-2009 Reversed Engineering

Reversed Engineering

 Introduction

Reserve engineering is a copy process. Sometimes, a design without any engineering data but sample model, such as shoes or golf club, must be production. Reserve engineering can copy 3D data from the sample model. Traditionally, a 3D mimic milling machine copy the shape of sample and produce a full scale mold than make mass production. This kind of copy process is Analog type copy. It cannot rebuild engineering data nor revise shape. The new digital Reserve engineering system with 3D digitizer measures surface profiles to get 3D digital data quickly and precisely. From 3D digital data, engineers can rebuild, edit, and revise surfaces to get 3D models which can import to CAD/CAM system. With 3D models, engineers can create NC tooling path in CAM system. Finally, CNC machine make the mold to mass produce product. From 3D models, engineering can also get STL data. Rapid Prototyping system make a sample model. These processes are reserve engineering.

Reverse engineering (RE) is the process of taking something (a device, an electrical component, a software program, etc.) apart and analyzing its workings in detail, usually with the intention to construct a new device or program that does the same thing without actually copying anything from the original. The verb form is to reverse-engineer, spelled with a hyphen.

Reverse-engineering is commonly done to avoid copyrights on desired functionality, and may be used for avoiding patent law, though this is a bit risky: patents apply to the functionality, not a specific implementation of it.

Reverse-engineering is a often used by military, in order to copy other nations technology, parts of which have been obtained by intelligence operations. It was often used during Second World War and Cold War.

Reverse-engineering software or hardware systems for the purposes of interoperability, for example in order to support undocumented file formats or hardware peripherals, is mostly believed to be legal, though patent owners often aggressively pursue their patents.

Other purposes of reverse-engineering include security auditing, removal of copy protection ("cracking"), circumvention of access restrictions often present in consumer electronics and customization of embedded systems, for example engine management systems

 Usability

Improving industrial technology brings products diversified, complicated and shorter product life cycle. Therefore, it is important to design and produce products in time and to get market share. But not all of products have original engineering data. Some shapes of products are sculpted in clay with hands by designer or model maker. Traditionally, engineers made approximated mold with complex mimic procedures still without 3D digital data. Reserved engineering can conquer these difficulties easily. Reserved engineering can quickly accomplish product design and manufacture. It can be applied to various field include auto parts, exercise accessories, medical accessories, home appliances, glass wares, shoe molds, golf clubs, ceramic wares and rapid prototyping.

= Firstly, reserved engineering uses 3D digitizer to get digitized profile coordinates of model. These digital coordinates can be reconstructed into surface model. After editing and revising, the surface model transfers to general CAD/CAM systems. From CAD/CAM systems, we can get NC tooling path for CNC machine to produce mold or get SLA file format for rapid prototyping machine to produce sample

= Our 3D digitizer system includes contact 3d digitizer and non-contact 3d scanner. Contact 3d digitizer is good for measuring highly accurate geometric shape. Non-contact 3d scanner is good for measuring complex shape

= Rapid prototyping technology uses CAD/CAM system to get solid model and transfer to STL format which is polygon mesh to approximate the surfaces of solid model. Complex model needs more triangular mesh to simulate model surfaces. Rapid prototyping computer gets STL Editor (Slicing Software) which can slice polygon mesh model and analyzed cross section of each layer. Rapid prototyping machine solidified each layer material either liquid or power than stack together to make a sample

= Companies, from OEM, ODM to brand, use reserved engineering as main procedure to develop, design and manufacture products. Reversed engineering helps companies to develop ideas, improve quality and ability of product design. By way of shortening product development cycle, product meets time to market. Company get more market share and global competition advantages. 

Reverse engineering of electronic components

Coordinate-measuring machines (CMM) can be used to digitise a circuit and the information can be utilised in computer-aided modelling. New and improved techniques in reverse engineering include laser scanning which, as the name implies, uses laser beams to scan across the surface of components of any shape and display the results in real time.

Reverse engineering of software

Reverse engineering can also apply to software. For example, reverse engineering of binaries for the Java platform can be accomplished using ARGOuml.org (http://www.ARGOuml.org). One very famous case of reverse engineering was the first non-IBM implementation of BIOS.

In the United States, the Digital Millennium Copyright Act exempts from the circumvention ban some acts of reverse engineering aimed at interoperability of file formats and protocols (17 USC 1201 (http://www4.law.cornell.edu/uscode/17/1201.html) (f)), but judges in key cases have ignored this law, since it's acceptable to circumvent restrictions for use, but not for access

The Samba software, which allows systems that are not running Microsoft Windows systems to share files with systems that are, is a classic example of software reverse engineering, since the Samba project had to reverse engineer unpublished information about how Windows file sharing worked, so that non-Windows computers could emulate this. The WINE project does the same thing for the Windows API, and OpenOffice.org is one party doing this for the Microsoft Office file formats.